Power Increase Elements before Banū Hāshim and Umayyad; Anthropological Analysis Based on Historical Propositions and Religious Sources

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 PhD in Nahj al-Balagha Science and Education, Meybod University (corresponding author).

2 Associate Professor, Department of Qur'anic and Tradition Sciences, Faculty of Theology, Meybod University

10.22034/mishkat.2024.194043

Abstract

One of the most reliable methods to study the power relations in Hijaz during the Qur'an revelation is to examine the propositions that contain unwritten political ideas, including factors affecting power. The article, with an anthropological perspective, examines the historical and narrative propositions of the influential people in politics in Banū Hāshim and Umayyad and by using verses and traditions, has presented an analysis of the determining factors in power relations in that era. Examining power factors in the society that has disappeared in history can lead to the revelation of more types of power relations in the Qur'an’s revelation atmosphere and make a better understanding of the Qur'an’s teachings. On the other hand, examining the difference between the ruling official discourse and the informal but common discourses among the people can provide a basis for analyzing and criticizing any political system, especially contemporary governments. This research which is organized with a descriptive-analytical method based on library resources shows that wealth, authoritarian behavior and population are among the most important power factors in the political discourses of Hijaz, from the Revelation to 132 AH. Both families disagreed about these factors’ details; The difference of opinion that is affected by the different views of power cost and the effectiveness of these two on different approaches politics. For the Umayyads, "power" was a fundamental approach, so they sacrificed morality and religion for power, but the Banū Hāshim, who saw politics as a means of reaching the "ideal", were not willing to gain power at any cost.

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References

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